1. Introduction
Modern geopolitics is defined less by steady evolution than by sudden rupture. States that appear stable disintegrate overnight; alliances collapse after decades of endurance; markets, empires, and ideologies alike fracture in…

Modern geopolitics is defined less by steady evolution than by sudden rupture. States that appear stable disintegrate overnight; alliances collapse after decades of endurance; markets, empires, and ideologies alike fracture in…